Anthropometric measurements of the ventrogluteal injectıon area: A cross-sectional study
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.14687//jhs.v17i3.5873Keywords:
Intramuscular injection, nursing practise, ventrogluteal areaAbstract
Research Problem / Aim: The ventrogluteal injection area is one of the areas most frequently used by nurses in intramuscular injection applications. The thicknesses of the subcutaneous tissue and the muscle tissue in this area are important for a safe injection. The aim of this study is the determination of the subcutaneous and muscle tissue thicknesses on the ventrogluteal injection area and the anthropometric data about it.
Method: The study has designed a cross-sectional study. 150 individuals who applied to the ultrasound unit of the hospital and accepted to participate in the study were included in the study. The ventrogluteal injection area was determined with the ‘’V’’ method by the researcher. The subcutaneous and muscle tissue thicknesses from the areas on the injection area and the areas 2 and 4 cm around the injection area were determined using the ultrasound device. Moreover, the relation between the anthropometric measurements of the individuals (height, weight, waist, hip and crista iliaca circumferences, distance between the large trochanter and crista iliaca and crista iliaca anterior) and the tissue thicknesses on the injection area were evaluated. The data of the research were evaluated with definitive statistics, ANOVA test and posthoc Tukey test, t test and correlation analysis. The p<0.05 value was accepted as statistically significant for all results.
Findings: The average subcutaneous tissue thickness in the injection area was determined as 15.44±8.01 mm and the average tissue thickness there was determined as 31.75±11.86 mm. The subcutaneous tissue thickness in women was found more than the subcutaneous tissue thickness in men. When the tissue thicknesses 2 and 4 cm around the injection area were analyzed, it was found that the area where the total tissue thickness was the least was over 2 cm (41.67±14.83) and over 4 cm (35.79±15.55) of the injection area. It was determined that the average total thickness 4 cm around the injection area was less than 38 mm in underwight individuals.
Conclusions: According to the results obtained from the study, the weight and body mass index of the individual should be considered in the choice of the injection area and the length of the needle to be used when the ventrogluteal injection area was used in intramuscular injections. Especially in obese individuals, longer needles can be preferred. Besides, it must be thought that there may be the risk of bone injury 4 cm around the injection area in asthenic individuals and individuals with normal weight. Moreover, since the individuals’ having a large waist and hip circumference is related to their subcutaneous tissue thickness, it is recommended that long needles should be chosen in these individuals.
Downloads
Metrics
References
Burbridge, B.E. (2007). Computed tomographic measurement of gluteal subcutane-ous fat thickness in reference to failure of gluteal intramuscular injections. Can. Assoc. Radiol. J., 58 (2), 72–75.
Cocoman, A. & Murray, J. (2006). IM injections: how's your technique. World Ir. Nurs, 14(4), 50–51.
Cook, I.F. (2015). Best vaccination practice and medically attended injection site events following deltoid intramuscular injection. Hum. Vaccin Immunother, 11 (5), 1184–1191. doi:10.1080/21645515.2015.1017694
Donaldson, C. & Green, J. (2005). Using the ventrologluteal site for intramuscular injection. Nurs. Times, 101 (16), 36–38.
Greenway, K. (2014). Rituals in nursing: intramuscular injections. J. Clin. Nurs, 23, 3583–3588. doi: 10.1111/jocn.12627
Hemsworth, S. (2000). İntramuscular (IM) İnjection Technique. Pediatric Nursing, 12(9), 17- 20. doi: 10.7748/paed2000.11.12.9.17.c672
Hunt, C.W. (2008). Which site is best for an I.M. injection? Nursing, 38,62. doi: 10.1097/01.NURSE. 0000341089.14071.1e
Hunter, J. (2008). Intramuscular injection techniques. Nurs. Stand, 22 (24), 35–40. doi: 10.7748/ ns2008.02.22.24.35.c6413
Gülnar, E., & Özveren, H. (2016). An evaluation of the effectiveness of a planned training program for nurses on administering intramuscular injections into the ventrogluteal site. Nurse Educ. Today, 36, 360–363. doi: 10. 1016/ j.nedt.2015.09.001
Kaya, N., Salmaslıoğlu, A., Terzi, B., Turan, N., & Acunas, B. (2015). The reliability of site determination methods in ventrogluteal area injection: a cross-sectional study. Int. J. Nurs. Stud, 52 (1), 355–360. doi: 10. 1016/ j.ijnurstu.2014.07.002
Kaya, N., Turan, N., & Palloş, A.Ö. (2012). Shouldn't the dorsogluteal area be used for intramuscular injection? İstanbul University Florence Nightingale Journal of Nursing, 20 (2), 146–153.
Larkin,T.A., Ashcroft, E., Elgellaie, A., & Hickey, B.A. (2017). Ventrogluteal versus dorsogluteal site selection: A cross-sectional study of muscle and subcutaneous fat thicknesses and an algorithm incorporating demographic and anthropometric data to predict injection outcome. Int J Nurs Stud., 71,1–7. doi:10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2017.02.017
Malkin, B. (2008). Are techniques used for intramuscular injection based on research evidence? Nurs. Times, 104, 48–51.
Nicoll, L.H., & Hesby, A. (2002). Intramuscular injection: an integrative research review and guideline for evidence-based practice. Appl. Nurs. Res, 15 (3), 149–162. doi: 10.1053/ apnr.2002.34142
Nisbet, A.C. (2006). Intramuscular gluteal injections in the increasingly obese population: retrospective study. Br. Med. J, 332 (7452), 637–638. doi: 10.1136/ bmj.38706.742731.47
Palma, S., & Strohfus, P. (2013). Are IM injections IM in obese and overweight females? A study in injection technique. Appl. Nurs. Res, 26, 1–4. doi: 10.1016/ j.apnr.2013.09.002
Potter, P.A, & Perry, A.G. (2013). Fundamentals of Nursing, 7th ed. Mosby Year Book, Philadelphia.
Sarı, D., Şahin, M., Yaşar, E., Taşkıran, N., & Telli,S. (2017). Investigation of Turkish nurses frequency and knowledge of administration of intramuscular injections to the ventrogluteal site: Results from questionnaires. Nurse Educ Today, 56,47–51. doi: 10.1016/ j.nedt.2017.06.005
Taylor, C., Lillis, C., LeMone, P., & Lynn, P. (2011). Fundamentals of Nursing the Art and Science of Nursing Care. Seventh ed. Wolters Kluwer, Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, China.
Tuğrul, E., & Denat, Y. (2014). Information, Opinions and Practices of Nurses on Injection Application in Ventrogluteal Area. Dokuz Eylül University Nursing Faculty e-Journal,7 (4), 275–284.
Wynaden, D., Landsborough, I., McGowan, S., Baigmohamad, Z., Finn, M., & Pennebaker, D. (2006). Best practice guidelines for the administration of intramuscular injections in the mental health setting. Int. J. Ment. Health Nurs., 15 (3), 195–200. doi: 10.1111/j.1447-0349.2006.00423
Zimmermann, P.G. (2010). Revisiting IM injections: The ventrogluteal site is the safest for intramuscular injectionAm. J. Nurs., 110 (2), 661.doi:10.1097/01.NAJ.0000368058.72729.c6
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Authors can retain copyright, while granting the journal right of first publication. Alternatively, authors can transfer copyright to the journal, which then permits authors non-commercial use of the work, including the right to place it in an open access archive. In addition, Creative Commons can be consulted for flexible copyright licenses.
©1999 Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
