Investigation of health care workers’ stress, depression and anxiety levels in terms of work-related violence

Authors

  • Durdu Mehmet Biçkes Nevsehir Hacı Bektaş Veli University
  • Bülent Çizmeci Nevsehir Hacı Bektaş Veli University
  • Hakan Göver Abdullah Gül University
  • Iclal Pomak Nevsehir Hacı Bektaş Veli University

Keywords:

Workplace violence, stress, depression, anxiety, health care workers

Abstract

Behaviors and attitudes of the people who are in the same setting, such as service beneficiaries, co-workers and the others, have a determining effect on the mood of the people who provide the service. This effect can become either positive or negative depending on the course of action. Positive mood manifests itself as the feeling of happiness, security, appreciation, pride and etc. However, negative mood manifests itself as feeling of sorrow, disappointment, loneliness, stress, anxiety, depression and etc. Such kind of interactions is much more observed in health sector than any other workplaces due to intensive relations between service providers (health workers) and service beneficiaries (patients). So, this sector is the leading one which workplace violence is intensively observed. This study was carried out in order to investigate the effects of workplace violence on the stress, anxiety and depression levels of health care professionals. With this purpose, a survey was performed on the employees who work in a training and research hospital. According to the findings, significant differences were determined between the stress, anxiety and depression levels of health-care workers and the frequency of exposure to violence. In the light of the study findings, some recommendations were proposed to researchers and decision-makers.

Annotate Highlight Annotate Highlight

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Metrics

Metrics Loading ...

Author Biographies

Durdu Mehmet Biçkes, Nevsehir Hacı Bektaş Veli University

Assistant Professor, Nevşehir Hacı Bektaş Veli University, Department of Office Services and Secretaryship

Bülent Çizmeci, Nevsehir Hacı Bektaş Veli University

Ph.D. Student, Nevşehir Hacı Bektaş Veli University, Department of Management (Production Management and Marketing)

Hakan Göver, Abdullah Gül University

Lecturer, Abdullah Gül University, Department of Political Science and International Relations

Iclal Pomak, Nevsehir Hacı Bektaş Veli University

Lecturer, Nevşehir Hacı Bektaş Veli University, Department of Office Services and Secretaryship

References

Andersson, L. M., & Pearson, C. M. (1999). Tit for tat? The spiraling effect of incivility in the workplace. Academy of management review, 24(3), 452-471.

Annagür, B. (2010). Sağlık Çalışanlarına Yönelik Şiddet: Risk Faktörleri, Etkileri, Değerlendirilmesi ve Önlenmesi, Psikiyatride Güncel Yaklaşımlar, 2(2), 161-173

Arnetz, J. E. (1998). The Violent Incident Form (VIF): a practical instrument for the registration of violent incidents in the health care workplace. Work & Stress, 12(1), 17-28.

Arnetz, J. E., Arnetz, B. B., & Petterson, I. L. (1996). Violence in the nursing profession: occupational and lifestyle risk factors in Swedish nurses. Work & Stress, 10(2), 119-127.

Asif, A. (2016). Relationship between Bullying and Behavior Problems (Anxiety, Depression, Stress) among Adolescence: Impact on Academic Performance. Edmond: MedCrave Group LLC.

Ayranci, U., Yenilmez, C., Balci, Y., & Kaptanoglu, C. (2006). Identification of violence in Turkish health care settings. Journal of interpersonal violence, 21(2), 276-296.

Baby, M. (2013). Mental Health Nurses' Experiences of Patient Assaults(Doctoral dissertation, University of Otago).

Baby, M., Glue, P., & Carlyle, D. (2014). 'Violence is not part of our job': a thematic analysis of psychiatric mental health nurses' experiences of patient assaults from a New Zealand perspective. Issues in mental health nursing,35(9), 647-655.

Cheung, T., & Yip, P. S. (2015). Depression, anxiety and symptoms of stress among Hong Kong nurses: A cross-sectional study. International journal of environmental research and public health, 12(9), 11072-11100.

Cooper, C., & Swanson, N. (2002). Workplace violence in the health sector. State of the art. Geneva: Organización Internacional de Trabajo, Organización Mundial de la Salud, Consejo Internacional de Enfermeras Internacional de Servicios Públicos.

Demerouti, E., Bakker, A. B., Nachreiner, F., & Schaufeli, W. B. (2001). The job demands-resources model of burnout. Journal of Applied psychology, 86(3), 499-512.

Dursun, S., Aytaç, S., & Akıncı, F. S. (2011). İşe bağlı şiddet ve stres: Taksi sürücülerine yönelik bir uygulama. Sosyal Siyaset Konferansları Dergisi, (61), 1-20.

Eller T, Aluoja A, Vasar V, Veldi M. Symptoms of anxiety and depression in Estonian medical students with sleep problems. Depression and Anxiety. 2006; 23(4): 250-6.

Elliott, P. P. (1997). Violence in Health Care. Nursing management, 28(12), 38-42.

Fernandes, C. M., Bouthillette, F., Raboud, J. M., Bullock, L., Moore, C. F., Christenson, J. M., & Way, M. (1999). Violence in the emergency department: a survey of health care workers. Canadian medical association journal, 161(10), 1245-1248.

Franz, S., Zeh, A., Schablon, A., Kuhnert, S., & Nienhaus, A. (2010). Aggression and violence against health care workers in Germany-a cross sectional retrospective survey. BMC Health Services Research, 10(1), 51.

Gacki-Smith, J., Juarez, A. M., Boyett, L., Homeyer, C., Robinson, L., & MacLean, S. L. (2009). Violence against nurses working in US emergency departments. Journal of Nursing Administration, 39(7/8), 340-349.

Games, P. A., Keselman, H. J., & Clinch, J. J. (1979). Tests for homogeneity of variance in factorial designs. Psychological Bulletin, 86(5), 978-984.

Gates, D. M., Gillespie, G. L., & Succop, P. (2011). Violence against nurses and its impact on stress and productivity. Nursing Economics, 29(2), 59-66.

Gillespie, G. L., Gates, D. M., Miller, M., & Howard, P. K. (2010). Workplace violence in healthcare settings: risk factors and protective strategies. Rehabilitation nursing, 35(5), 177-184.

Hahn, S., Müller, M., Hantikainen, V., Kok, G., Dassen, T., & Halfens, R. J. (2013). Risk factors associated with patient and visitor violence in general hospitals: Results of a multiple regression analysis. International journal of nursing studies, 50(3), 374-385.

Hahn, S., Müller, M., Needham, I., Dassen, T., Kok, G., & Halfens, R. J. (2010). Factors associated with patient and visitor violence experienced by nurses in general hospitals in Switzerland: a cross‐sectional survey. Journal of clinical nursing, 19(23‐24), 3535-3546.

Heckemann, B., Zeller, A., Hahn, S., Dassen, T., Schols, J. M. G. A., & Halfens, R. J. G. (2015). The effect of aggression management training programmes for nursing staff and students working in an acute hospital setting. A narrative review of current literature. Nurse education today, 35 (1), 212-219.

Hegney, D., Tuckett, A., Parker, D., & Eley, R. M. (2010). Workplace violence: Differences in perceptions of nursing work between those exposed and those not exposed: A cross‐sector analysis. International journal of nursing practice,16(2), 188-202.

Hogh, A., & Mikkelsen, E. G. (2005). Is sense of coherence a mediator or moderator of relationships between violence at work and stress reactions?. Scandinavian Journal of Psychology, 46(5), 429-437.

Hull, Sharon K., and Broquet, Karen (2007). How to manage difficult patient. Family Practice Management, 14(6): 30-34.

Kamchuchat, C., Chongsuvivatwong, V., Oncheunjit, S., Yip, T. W., & Sangthong, R. (2008). Workplace violence directed at nursing staff at a general hospital in southern Thailand. Journal of occupational health, 50(2), 201-207.

Kitaneh, M., & Hamdan, M. (2012). Workplace violence against physicians and nurses in Palestinian public hospitals: a cross-sectional study. BMC health services research, 12(1), 469-478.

Krug, E. G., Mercy, J. A., Dahlberg, L. L., & Zwi, A. B. (2002). The world report on violence and health. The lancet, 360(9339), 1083-1088.

LeBlanc, M. M., & Kelloway, E. K. (2002). Predictors and outcomes of workplace violence and aggression. Journal of Applied Psychology, 87(3), 444-453.

Lin, S. H., Liao, W. C., Chen, M. Y., & Fan, J. Y. (2014). The impact of shift work on nurses' job stress, sleep quality and self‐perceived health status.Journal of nursing management, 22(5), 604-612.

Lovell, G. P., Nash, K., Sharman, R., & Lane, B. R. (2015). A cross‐sectional investigation of depressive, anxiety, and stress symptoms and health‐behavior participation in Australian university students. Nursing & health sciences, 17(1), 134-142.

Magnavita, N. (2014). Workplace Violence and Occupational Stress in Healthcare Workers: A Chicken‐and‐Egg Situation—Results of a 6‐Year Follow‐up Study. Journal of nursing scholarship, 46(5), 366-376.

Merecz, D., Rymaszewska, J., Mościcka, A., Kiejna, A., & Jarosz-Nowak, J. (2006). Violence at the workplace—A questionnaire survey of nurses. European psychiatry, 21(7), 442-450.

Özcan, N. K., & Bilgin, H. (2011). Türkiye'de sağlık çalışanlarına yönelik şiddet: Sistematik derleme. Turkiye Klinikleri Journal of Medical Sciences, 31(6), 1442-1456.

Parker, D. F., & DeCotiis, T. A. (1983). Organizational determinants of job stress. Organizational behavior and human performance, 32(2), 160-177.

Pearson, C. M., & Porath, C. L. (2005). On the nature, consequences and remedies of workplace incivility: No time for “nice”? Think again. The Academy of Management Executive, 19(1), 7-18.

Pınar, Tevfik ve Pınar, Gül (2013). Sağlık çalışanları ve işyerinde şiddet. TAF Preventive Medicine Bulletin, 12(3): 315-326.

Ploghaus, A., Narain, C., Beckmann, C. F., Clare, S., Bantick, S., Wise, R., ... & Tracey, I. (2001). Exacerbation of pain by anxiety is associated with activity in a hippocampal network. The Journal of Neuroscience, 21(24), 9896-9903.

Rakatansky H. Physician Suicide. New England Journal of Medicine. 2005; 353(11): 1184-5.

Reiche, H.M. & van Dijkhuizen, N. (1980). Vragenlijst Organisatie Stress; test-handleiding. Nijmegen: Katholieke Universitcit Nijmegen.

Salem, I., & Kattara, H. (2015). Transformational leadership: Relationship to job stress and job burnout in five-star hotels. Tourism and Hospitality Research, 1467358415581445.

Selye, Hans (1976). Stress without distress. Psychopathology of Human Adaptation (ed.: G. Serban). New York: Springer Science. 137-146.

Song, Y., & Lindquist, R. (2015). Effects of mindfulness-based stress reduction on depression, anxiety, stress and mindfulness in Korean nursing students. Nurse education today, 35(1), 86-90.

Sonnentag, S., & Frese, M. (2012). Stress in organizations. In N. W. Schmitt, & S. Highhouse (Eds.), Handbook of psychology. Volume 12: Industrial and organizational psychology (2nd ed., pp. 560–592). Hoboken: Wiley.

Sonnentag, S., & Fritz, C. (2014). Recovery from job stress: The stressor‐detachment model as an integrative framework. Journal of Organizational Behavior. 36: 72-103.

Steffgen, G. (2008). Physical violence at the workplace: consequences on health and measures of prevention. Revue Européenne de Psychologie Appliquée/European Review of Applied Psychology, 58(4), 285-295.

Sublette, N. K. (2008). Predictors of Depressive and Anxiety Symptoms Among African American HIV-Positive Women. Doctoral Dissertation, Knoxville: The University of Tennessee.

Şenuzun Ergün, F., & Karadakovan, A. (2005). Violence towards nursing staff in emergency departments in one Turkish city. International nursing review, 52(2), 154-160.

Taylor, Jessica L. and Rew, Lynn (2010). A systematic review of the literature: workplace violence in the emergency department, JCN-Journal of Clinical Nursing, 20, 1072-1085.

Türk, Meral (1997). Bir Örgütsel Stres Anketinin (VOS-D) Türkiye’ye Uyarlanması. Uzmanlık Tezi, Ege Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Halk Sağlığı Ana Bilim Dalı, İzmir.

Uncu, Y., Bayram, N., & Bilgel, N. (2007). Job related affective well-being among primary health care physicians. The European Journal of Public Health, 17(5), 514-519.

Van den Bossche, S., Taris, T., Houtman, I., Smulders, P., & Kompier, M. (2013). Workplace violence and the changing nature of work in Europe: Trends and risk groups. European journal of work and organizational psychology, 22(5), 588-600.

Wells, J., & Bowers, L. (2002). How prevalent is violence towards nurses working in general hospitals in the UK?. Journal of advanced nursing, 39(3), 230-240.

Wieclaw, J., Agerbo, E., Mortensen, P. B., Burr, H., Tüchsen, F., & Bonde, J. P. (2006). Work related violence and threats and the risk of depression and stress disorders. Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health, 60(9), 771-775.

Wilson, M. G., Dejoy, D. M., Vandenberg, R. J., Richardson, H. A., & McGrath, A. L. (2004). Work characteristics and employee health and well‐being: test of a model of healthy work organization. Journal of occupational and organizational psychology, 77(4), 565-588.

Wynne, R., Clarkin, N., Cox, T., Griffiths, A., (1997). Guidance on the Prevention of Violence at Work. European Commission, Brussels, Belgium, (DG-V, Ref. CE/VI-4/97).

Youngstrom, E., Weist, M. D., & Albus, K. E. (2003). Exploring violence exposure, stress, protective factors and behavioral problems among inner-city youth. American journal of community psychology, 32(1-2), 115-129.

Downloads

Published

2017-09-07

How to Cite

Biçkes, D. M., Çizmeci, B., Göver, H., & Pomak, I. (2017). Investigation of health care workers’ stress, depression and anxiety levels in terms of work-related violence. Journal of Human Sciences, 14(3), 2628–2642. Retrieved from https://www.j-humansciences.com/ojs/index.php/IJHS/article/view/4495

Issue

Section

Business Administration